DMP Members

Low carb meal plans for type 2 diabetes and prediabetes

Information Sources

Information on DMP is evidence-based and sourced from academic journals or large organizations. See citations and information sources below.

Organizational Sources

Low Carb Diabetes Studies

  1. Goldenberg JZ, et al: Efficacy and safety of low and very low carbohydrate diets for type 2 diabetes remission: Systematic review and meta-analysis of published and unpublished randomized trial data. BMJ, 2021. 372: p. m4743
  2. Huntriss R, et al: The interpretation and effect of a low-carbohydrate diet in the management of type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Eur J Clin Nutr, 2018. 72(3): p. 311-325
  3. Silverri, et al: Low-carbohydrate diets and type 2 diabetes treatment: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Acta Diabetol, 2020. 57(11): p. 1375-1382
  4. Kelly T, et al: Low-carbohydrate diets in the management of obesity and type 2 diabetes: A review from clinicians using the approach in practice. Int J Environ Res Public Health, 2020. 17(7).
  5. Wheatley SD, et al: Low carbohydrate dietary approaches for people with type 2 diabetes-A narrative review. Front Nutr, 2021
  6. McArdle PD, et al: Carbohydrate restriction for glycaemic control in type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Diabet Med, 2019. 36(3): p. 335-348
  7. Sainsbury E, et al: Effect of dietary carbohydrate restriction on glycemic control in adults with diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2018; 139: pp. 239-252.
  8. van Zuuren EJ, et al.: Effects of low-carbohydrate- compared with low-fat-diet interventions on metabolic control in people with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review including GRADE assessments. Am J Clin Nutr 2018; 108: pp. 300-331.
  9. Snorgaard O, et al: Systematic review and meta-analysis of dietary carbohydrate restriction in patients with type 2 diabetes. BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care 2017; 5: pp. e000354.
  10. Tay, et al. 2019. Low-carbohydrate diets in type 2 diabetes. Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology. 2019 May;7(5):331-333.
  11. Wang LL, et al. The Effect of Low-Carbohydrate Diet on Glycemic Control in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Nutrients. 2018 Jun; 10(6): 661.
  12. Samkani A, et al. A carbohydrate-reduced high-protein diet acutely decreases postprandial and diurnal glucose excursions in type 2 diabetes patients. Br J Nutr. 2018 Apr;119(8):910-917
  13. Saslow LR, et al. Twelve-month outcomes of a randomized trial of a moderate-carbohydrate versus very low-carbohydrate diet in overweight adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus or prediabetes. 2017;7(304).
  14. Myette-Cote E, et al. The effect of a short-term low-carbohydrate, high-fat diet with or without postmeal walks on glycemic control and inflammation in type 2 diabetes: a randomized trial. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2018 Dec 1;315(6):R1210-R1219.
  15. Sato J, et al. A randomized controlled trial of 130 g/day low-carbohydrate diet in type 2 diabetes with poor glycemic control. Clin Nutr. 2017 Aug;36(4):992-1000.
  16. Saslow LR, et al. An Online Intervention Comparing a Very Low-Carbohydrate Ketogenic Diet and Lifestyle Recommendations Versus a Plate Method Diet in Overweight Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized Controlled Trial. J Med Internet Res. 2017 Feb; 19(2): e36.
  17. Tay J, et al. Comparison of low- and high-carbohydrate diets for type 2 diabetes management: a randomized trial. Am J Clin Nutr. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.115.112581.
  18. Esposito K, et al. Effects of a Mediterranean-style diet on the need for antihyperglycemic drug therapy in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes: a randomized trial. Ann Intern Med. 2009 Sep 1;151(5):306-14.
  19. Esposito K, et al. The Effects of a Mediterranean Diet on the Need for Diabetes Drugs and Remission of Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes: Follow-up of a Randomized Trial. Diabetes Care 2014 Jul; 37(7): 1824-1830.
  20. Yamada Y, et al. A Non-calorie-restricted Low-carbohydrate Diet is Effective as an Alternative Therapy for Patients with Type 2 Diabetes. Intern Med. 2014;53:13-19.
  21. McKenzie, et al. Should a Low Carbohydrate Diet be Recommended for Diabetes Management?Proceedings of the Nutrition Society. 2017;76 (OCE1):E19.
  22. Saslow, et al. A Randomized Pilot Trial of a Moderate Carbohydrate Diet Compared to a Very Low Carbohydrate Diet in Overweight or Obese Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus or Prediabetes.     PLOS ONE. 2014;9(4):e91027.
  23. von Bibra H, et al. Low-carbohydrate/high-protein diet improves diastolic cardiac function and the metabolic syndrome in overweight-obese patients with type 2 diabetes. IJC Metabolic & Endocrine. 2014;2:11–18.
  24. Guldbrand H, et al. In type 2 diabetes, randomisation to advice to follow a low-carbohydrate diet transiently improves glycaemic control compared with advice to follow a low-fat diet producing a similar weight loss.     Diabetologia. 2012;55:2118–2127.
  25. Elhayany A, et al. A low carbohydrate Mediterranean diet improves cardiovascular risk factors and diabetes control among overweight patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a 1-year prospective randomized intervention study. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2010 Mar;12(3):204-9.
  26. Gannon MC, et al. Effect of a high-protein, low-carbohydrate diet on blood glucose control in people with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes. 2004 Sep;53(9):2375-82.
  27. Iqbal N, et al. Effects of a low-intensity intervention that prescribed a low-carbohydrate vs. a low-fat diet in obese, diabetic participants. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2010 Sep;18(9):1733-8.
  28. Meng Y, et al. Efficacy of low carbohydrate diet for type 2 diabetes mellitus management: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice. 2017;171:124-131.
  29. Hussain TA, et al. Effect of low-calorie versus low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet in type 2 diabetes. Nutrition. 2012 Oct;28(10):1016-21.
  30. Dyson P. Low-carbohydrates diets and type 2 diabetes: what is the latest evidence? Diabetes Ther. 2015 Dec;6(4):411–424.
  31. Van Wyk HJ et al. A critical review of low-carbohydrate diets in people with type 2 diabetes. Diabet Med. 2016 Feb;33(2):148-57.
  32. Feinman RD, et al. Dietary carbohydrate restriction as the first approach in diabetes management: critical review and evidence base. Nutrition. 2015 Jan;31(1):1-13.
  33. Hamdy O, et al. Fat Versus Carbohydrate-Based Energy-Restricted Diets for Weight Loss in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes. Curr Diab Rep. 2018; 18(12): 128.
  34. Schwingshackl L, et al. A network meta-analysis on the comparative efficacy of different dietary approaches on glycaemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Eur J Epidemiol. 2018; 33(2): 157–170.
  35. Ojo O, et al. The Effect of Dietary Glycaemic Index on Glycaemia in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Nutrients. 2018 Mar 19;10(3). pii: E373.
  36. Saslow LR, et al. Outcomes of a Digitally Delivered Low-Carbohydrate Type 2 Diabetes Self-Management Program: 1-Year Results of a Single-Arm Longitudinal Study. JMIR. 2018;3(3).
  37. Dyson P. Low Carbohydrate Diets and Type 2 Diabetes: What is the Latest Evidence? Diabetes Ther. 2015 Dec; 6(4): 411–424.
  38. Van Wyk HJ, et al. A critical review of low-carbohydrate diets in people with Type 2 diabetes. Diabet Med. 2016 Feb;33(2):148-57.
  39. Noakes & Windt. Evidence that supports the prescription of low-carbohydrate high-fat diets: a narrative review. Br J Sports Med. 2016;51:133–139.
  40. Guldbrand et al. 2012. In type 2 diabetes, randomisation to advice to follow a low-carbohydrate diet transiently improves glycaemic control compared with advice to follow a low-fat diet producing a similar weight loss. Diabetologia. 2012;55:2118–2127.
  41. Saslow et al. 2014. A randomized pilot trial of a moderate carbohydrate diet compared to a very low carbohydrtae diet in overweight or obese individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus or prediabetes. Plos One. 2014;9(4):e91027.
  42. Westman et al. 2008. The effect of a low-carbohydrate, ketogenic diet versus a low-glycemic index diet on glycemic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Nutrition & Metabolism. 2008;5:36.
  43. Naude et al. 2014. Low Carbohydrate versus Isoenergetic Balanced Diets for Reducing Weight and Cardiovascular Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Plos One. 2014;9(7):e100652.

General Dietary Research

  1. Glycemic Targets: Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes—2019: American Diabetes Association. 2019 Jan; 42(Supplement 1): S61-S70. Diabetes Care.
  2. What’s the ‘right’ range of BGLs? Diabetes Queensland. Published online 13 Nov 2015. Accessed 24 May 2019.
  3. Nutrition Therapy for Adults With Diabetes or Prediabetes: A Consensus Report. 2019 May; 42(5): 731-754. Diabetes Care.
  4. Evert et al. 2013. Nutrition therapy recommendations for the management of adults with diabetes: Position statement. Diabetes Care. 2013;36:3821-3842.
  5. Diabetes Australia. 2018. Position Statement: Low carbohydrate eating for people with diabetes. Accessed online 2 Sept 2018.
  6. Facilitating Behavior Change and Well-being to Improve Health Outcomes: Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes—2022 Accessed online 3 Aug 2022.
  7. Diabetes UK. 2011. Evidence-based nutrition guidelines for the prevention and management of diabetes. Access a copy here.
  8. Ley SH, et al. Prevention and Management of Type 2 Diabetes: Dietary Components and Nutritional Strategies. Lancet. 2014 Jun 7;383(9933): 1999–2007.
  9. Sandouk Z, et al. Diabetes with obesity: Is there an ideal diet? Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine. 2017;84(1):S4-14.
  10. Wheeler ML et al. Macronutrients, food groups, and eating patterns in the management of diabetes: a systematic review of the literature, 2010. Diabetes Care. 2012 Feb;35(2):434-45.
  11. Dyson PA, et al. Diabetes UK evidence-based nutrition guidelines for the prevention and management of diabetes. Diabet Med. 2011 Nov;28(11):1282-8.
  12. Lasa et al. 2014. Comparative effect of two Mediterranean diets versus a low-fat diet on glycaemic control in individuals with type 2 diabetes. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2014 Jul;68(7):767-72.
  13. Esposito et al. 2009. Effects of a Mediterranean-style diet on the need for antihyperglycemic drug therapy in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes: a randomized trial. Ann Intern Med. 2009 Sep 1;151(5):306-14.
  14. Academy of Nutrition & Dietetics. 2015. Academy Comments re The DGAC Scientific Report [Online]. Available here.
  15. Sucher S, et al. Comparison of the effects of diets high in animal or plant protein on metabolic and cardiovascular markers in type 2 diabetes: A randomized clinical trial. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2017 Jul;19(7):944-952. Summary: Comparing 30% protein from either animal or plant sources in type 2 diabetic patients over 6 weeks. The results showed that consuming 30% animal protein decreased inflammation and uric acid, improved insulin sensitivity and blood glucose control.
  16. Pederson et al. 2014. High protein weight loss diets in obese subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Nutrition, Metabolism & Cardiovascular Diseases. 2014;24:554e562. Summary: 12 month trial on type 2 diabetics with albuminuria and early renal dysfunction to assess if a 30% protein intake compared to a standard 20% protein diet made any difference to weight loss, renal function (kidneys), or metabolic parameters. The study showed that the higher protein diet had no adverse effects, having comparable outcomes to the standard 20% protein diet.
  17. Pan Y, et al. Low-protein diet for diabetic nephropathy: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Am J Clin Nutr. 2008 Sep;88(3):660-6. Summary: Low protein diets show no beneficial renal effects in diabetic patients.
  18. Gannon et al. 2004. Effect of a high-protein, low carbohydrate diet on blood glucose control in people with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes. 2004;53:2375-2381. Summary: Compared to 15% protein, a 30% protein intake was found to have more positive effects on A1c and insulin, reducing their levels significantly.

Dietary Fat Research

  1. Micha R, et al. Etiologic effects and optimal intakes of foods and nutrients for risk of cardiovascular diseases and diabetes: Systematic reviews and meta-analyses from the Nutrition and Chronic Diseases Expert Group (NutriCoDE). PLoS One. 2017 Apr 27;12(4):e0175149.
  2. Malhotra A, et al. Saturated fat does not clog the arteries: coronary heart disease is a chronic inflammatory condition, the risk of which can be effectively reduced from healthy lifestyle interventions. Br J Sports Med. 2017;1:1-2.
  3. Dias CB, et al. Effect of diets rich in either saturated fat or n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids and supplemented with long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on plasma lipoprotein profiles. Am J Clin Nutr. 2017.
  4. Hamley S. The effect of replacing saturated fat with mostly n-6 polyunsaturated fat on coronary heart disease: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Nutrition Journal. 2017;16:30.
  5. Perona JS. Membrane lipid alterations in the metabolic syndrome and the role of dietary oils. Biochim. Biophys. Acta. (2017).
  6. Jovanovski E, et al. The effect of alpha-linolenic acid on glycemic control in individuals with type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials. Medicine (Baltimore). 2017 May;96(21):e653
  7. Yorek MA. Is Fish Oil a Potential Treatment for Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy? Curr Diabetes Rev. 2017 May 22.
  8. Errazuriz I, et al. Randomized Controlled Trial of a MUFA or Fiber-Rich Diet on Hepatic Fat in Prediabetes. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2017 May 1;102(5):1765-1774.
  9. Praagman J, et al. The association between dietary saturated fatty acids and ischemic heart disease depends on the type and source of fatty acid in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition-Netherlands cohort. Am J Clin Nutr. 2016 Feb;103(2):356-65.
  10. Ruiz-Núñez B, et al. The relation of saturated fatty acids with low-grade inflammation and cardiovascular disease. Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry. 2016;36:1–20.
  11. Koska J, et al. A human model of dietary saturated fatty acid induced insulin resistance. METABOLISM CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL. 2016;65:1621–1628.
  12. Paniagua JA. Nutrition, insulin resistance and dysfunctional adipose tissue determine the different components of metabolic syndrome. World J Diabetes. 2016 Nov 15; 7(19):483–514.
  13. DiNicolantonio JJ, et al. The Evidence for Saturated Fat and for Sugar Related to Coronary Heart Disease. Prog Cardiovasc Dis. 2016 Mar-Apr; 58(5): 464–472.
  14. Ginter E & Simko V. New data on harmful effects of trans-fatty acids. Bratisl Lek Listy. 2016;117(5):251-3.
  15. Imamura F, et al. Effects of Saturated Fat, Polyunsaturated Fat, Monounsaturated Fat, and Carbohydrate on Glucose-Insulin Homeostasis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomised Controlled Feeding Trials. PLoS Med. 2016 Jul 19;13(7):e1002087.
  16. Musa-Veloso K, et al. The effects of almond consumption on fasting blood lipid levels: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. J Nutr Sci. 2016 Aug 16;5:e34.
  17. Qian F, et al. Metabolic Effects of Monounsaturated Fatty Acid-Enriched Diets Compared With Carbohydrate or Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid-Enriched Diets in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Diabetes Care. 2016 Aug;39(8):1448-57.
  18. de Souza RJ, et al. Intake of saturated and trans unsaturated fatty acids and risk of all cause mortality, cardiovascular disease, and type 2 diabetes: systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. BMJ. 2015; 351: h3978.
  19. Hooper L, et al. Reduction in saturated fat intake for cardiovascular disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2015 Jun 10;(6):CD011737.
  20. Harcombe Z, et al. Evidence from randomised controlled trials did not support the introduction of dietary fat guidelines in 1977 and 1983: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Open Heart. 2015; 2(1): e000196.
  21. Ericson U, et al. Food sources of fat may clarify the inconsistent role of dietary fat intake for incidence of type 2 diabetes. Am J Clin Nutr. 2015.
  22. Schwab U, et al. Effect of the amount and type of dietary fat on cardiometabolic risk factors and risk of developing type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer: a systematic review. Food & Nutrition Research. 2014;58:25145.
  23. Viguiliouk E, et al. Effect of tree nuts on glycemic control in diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled dietary trials. PLoS One. 2014 Jul 30;9(7):e103376.
  24. de Oliveira Otto MC, et al. Dietary intake of saturated fat by food source and incident cardiovascular disease: the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. Am J Clin Nutr. 2012 Aug; 96(2):397–404.
  25. Dilzer A & Park Y. Implication of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) in human health. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2012;52(6):488-513.
  26. Siri-Tarino PW, et al. Meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies evaluating the association of saturated fat with cardiovascular disease. Am J Clin Nutr. 2010 Mar;91(3):535-46.
  27. German JB, et al. A reappraisal of the impact of dairy foods and milk fat on cardiovascular disease risk. Eur J Nutr. 2009;48(4):191-203.
  28. Hartweg J, et al. Potential impact of omega-3 treatment on cardiovascular disease in type 2 diabetes. Curr Opin Lipidol. 2009;20(1):30-38.
  29. Mozaffarian D, et al. Health effects of trans-fatty acids: experimental and observational evidence. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2009;63:5–21.
  30. Howard BV, et al. Low-fat dietary pattern and risk of cardiovascular disease: the Women’s Health Initiative Randomized Controlled Dietary Modification Trial. JAMA. 2006 Feb 8;295(6):655-66. Summary: a huge eight year randomized trial that involved 48,835 postmenopausal women aged 50 to 79 years, following a low fat-high carb diet showed zero benefits in reducing heart disease risk factors. The overall conclusion is if you eat a typical Western diet of around 60 percent carbohydrates, your risk of heart disease increases.

Cholesterol Research

  1. Richard C, et al. (2017). Impact of Egg Consumption on Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes and at Risk for Developing Diabetes: A Systematic Review of Randomized Nutritional Intervention Studies. Can J Diabetes. 2017 Aug;41(4):453-463. Summary: Egg consumption has no impact on cardiovascular risk factors – total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, triglycerides, fasting glucose, insulin or C-reactive protein.
  2. Dimarco DM, et al. (2017). Intake of up to 3 Eggs per Day Is Associated with Changes in HDL Function and Increased Plasma Antioxidants in Healthy, Young Adults. — J Nutr. 2017;147:323–9. Summary: Egg consumption improved the function of both LDL and HDL cholesterol but had a predominant effect on enhancing the function of HDL and while on egg per day provided benefits, eating 2 to 3 eggs per day appears to support even greater enhancements in HDL composition and function.
  3. Fuller NR, et al. (2015). The effect of a high-egg diet on cardiovascular risk factors in people with type 2 diabetes: the Diabetes and Egg (DIABEGG) study-a 3-mo randomized controlled trial. Am J Clin Nutr. 2015 Apr;101(4):705-13. Summary: Consuming 2 eggs per day 6 days per week over a 3 month period has no adverse effects on lipids in people with type 2 diabetes, along with improving hunger and satiety signals. Participants also showed improved intake of monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fat.
  4. Virtanen JK, et al. (2015). Egg consumption and risk of incident type 2 diabetes in men: the Kuopio Ischaemic Heart Disease Risk Factor Study. Am J Clin Nutr. 2015 May;101(5):1088-96. Summary: In 2232 men, average follow up 19 years, those in the highest compared with the lowest egg intake quartile had a 38% lower risk of type 2 diabetes.
  5. Fernandez ML. (2012). Rethinking dietary cholesterol. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2012 Mar;15(2):117-21. Summary: Cholesterol in the diet has very little to do with cholesterol in the bloodstream.
  6. Gordon T, et al. (1977). High density lipoprotein as a protective factor against coronary heart disease. The Framingham Study. Am J Med. 1977 May;62(5):707-14. Summary: Total cholesterol is not associated with risk of coronary heart disease in men and women aged 49-82 years.
  7. Keys A. (1965). Serum cholesterol response to changes in the diet: II. The effect of cholesterol in the diet. Metabolism. 1965;14(7) 759-765. Summary: A reduction in dietary cholesterol of 50 percent produces only a small effect on blood cholesterol levels.
  8. Weijers, R. 2012. Lipid composition of cell membranes and it’s relevance in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Current Diabetes Reviews. 2012;8:390-400.

Additional Sources

  • Hu T and Bazzano LA. 2014. The low-carbohydrate diet and cardiovascular risk factors: Evidence from epidemiologic studies. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2014;24(4):337–343.
  • Elhayany et al. 2010. A low carbohydrate Mediterranean diet improves cardiovascular risk factors and diabetes control among overweight patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a 1-year prospective randomized intervention study. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2010 Mar;12(3):204-9.
  • Esposito et al. 2009. Effects of a Mediterranean-style diet on the need for antihyperglycemic drug therapy in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes: a randomized trial. Ann Intern Med. 2009 Sep 1;151(5):306-14.
  • Gannon et al. 2004. Effect of a high-protein, low carbohydrate diet on blood glucose control in people with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes. 2004;53:2375-2381.
  • Feinman et al. 2015. Dietary carbohydrate restriction as the first approach in diabetes management: Critical review and evidence base. Nutrition. 2015;31:1-13.
  • Wheeler et al. 2012. Macronutrients, food groups, and eating patterns in the management of type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2012;35:434-445.
  • Hyman, M. The Blood Sugar Solution. Little Brown and Company. 2012.
  • Minoura A, et al. Association of dietary fat and carbohydrate consumption and projected ten-year risk for developing coronary heart disease in a general Japanese population. Acta Medica Okayama. 2014;68(3):129-35.
  • Howard BV, et al. Low-fat dietary pattern and risk of cardiovascular disease: the Women’s Health Initiative Randomized Controlled Dietary Modification Trial. Jama. 2006;295(6):655-66.
  • Ahmed M. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in 2015c. World J Hepatol. 2015;7(11):1450-9.
  • DiNicolantonio J, et al. Problems with the 2015 Dietary Guidelines for Americans: An Alternative. Missouri Medicine. 113:2(March/April 2016):74-8.
  • Hyman, M. (2015, August 20). Slow Carbs, not low Carbs: The truth about Low-Carb diets. Retrieved February 6, 2017.
  • Nuttail & Gannon. 2013. Dietary Protein and the Blood Glucose Concentration. Diabetes. 2013 May; 62(5): 1371–1372.
  • Gannan & Nuttail. 2004. Effect of a high-protein, low-carbohydrate diet on blood glucose control in people with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes. 2004 Sep;53(9):2375-82.
  • Gannon et al. 2003. An increase in dietary protein improves the blood glucose response in persons with type 2 diabetes. Am J Clin Nutr. 2003 Oct;78(4):734-41.